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Topic: Across languages, there are different types of systems that classify the presented information with respect to if and how the information should be added to the addressee’s knowledge. Does the speaker express the information as a fact? Does the speaker express some doubt about it? Is the speaker asking about the information? Concepts that are often involved in the expression of epistemics are epistemic modality, egophoricity, evidentiality, sentence-typing and ‘discourse pragmatic markers.’ When describing a language, it is often difficult to analyze these concepts, because they are entangled with other categories and the elements seem to rely on pragmatics for their interpretation. Native speaker intuitions may provide very distinct interpretations of a epistemic element. The goal of these talks is to provide tools for descriptive semantic analysis of different types of epistemic markers. The main challenge is to tease apart the semantics and the pragmatics of these elements.
Today's introductory talk by Martine Bruil: Expressing knowledge related concepts: i) Evidentiality ii) Epistemic modality iii) Egophoricity iv) Discourse markers, modal particles